![]() ![]() A significant reduction in soil Mehlich3 Cu was also observed for the manure-HAPE mixture compared with the manure control. Concentrations of NH 4 + and NO 3 ‒ significantly increased in MHAPE column leachates during this 4-week study and the KCl-extractable NH 4 + and NO 3 ‒ in the soil at the end of the experiment. Manure-(HAP&HAPE) biochar treatments significantly increased soil organic matter (OM), and all biochar-manure mixture increased (numerically) soil total C, N, and improved soil bulk density. Soil properties and plant-available nutrients were compared between treatments and control manure and soil. The ammonium (NH 4 +), nitrate (NO 3 ‒), and reactive P concentrations in soil column leachates were recorded for eight leaching events. The biochar-manure mixture was applied in triplicate to soil columns with an application rate determined by the P 2O 5-P content in manure or manure-biochar mixtures after the incubation. Three biochars 1) neutral pH red-oak (RO), 2) highly alkaline autothermal corn (Zea mays) stover (HAP), and 3) mild acidic Fe-treated autothermal corn stover (HAPE) were incubated with swine manure for a month. The study objectives were to 1) assess the physicochemical properties of the manure-biochar mixture after lab incubation and 2) evaluate the impact of biochar-treated swine manure on soil total C, N, and other major and minor nutrients in comparison to conventional manure application to soil. The manure-biochar application to the soil would decrease nutrient leaching from manure and increase plant-available nutrients. Our working hypothesis was that the biochar-incubated with manure could be a better soil amendment than conventional manure application. 4Department of Horticulture, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United Statesīiochar application to the soil can improve soil quality and nutrient leaching loss from swine manure adapted soils.3Department of Biological Sciences, Minnesota State University, Mankato, MN, United States.2Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.1Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.Koziel 1*, Mriganka De 2,3, Darcy Bonds 4, Baitong Chen 1, Asheesh Singh 2 and Mark A.
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